Nursing Professional Development Certification (NPD-BC) Practice Exam

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Which of the following forms the base of the 6S pyramid of evidence?

  1. Systems

  2. Summaries

  3. Studies

  4. Syntheses

The correct answer is: Studies

The base of the 6S pyramid of evidence is formed by studies. This foundational level includes original research and primary studies, which provide the raw data and firsthand accounts necessary for the development of knowledge in a given field. In the context of evidence-based practice, primary studies are essential as they offer the initial findings and insights that inform further analysis and synthesis. The studies are crucial because they encompass a variety of research designs, such as randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and qualitative research, each contributing different perspectives and data to the body of evidence. Without this base of primary studies, higher levels of evidence, such as syntheses or summaries, cannot be established since these rely on the data derived from the studies to formulate recommendations and guidelines for practice.